How To Know If You Have ADHD? Disease Symptoms & More

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is known for causing ongoing problems like difficulty paying attention, being overly active, and acting quickly without thinking. These issues can make many parts of life tough, including school or work performance, personal relationships, and general health.

If you think you have ADHD symptoms and you were not diagnosed as a child, it's a good idea to be evaluated for the development now. This blog helps you understand what all can help tell if you have the condition and possible treatment options.

What is ADHD in India?

ADHD clinical manifestations in India can be tough because many people do not know much about the condition. The DSM-5, by the American Psychiatric Association, is the main guide used for its diagnosis worldwide, including India.

However, cultural views can affect how symptoms are recognised and understood. It's important to consider these cultural differences when diagnosing ADHD. 

For example, what one culture sees as hyperactivity could just be normal kid behaviour in another. So, to diagnose ADHD accurately in India, a thorough assessment that looks at a person's growth history, cultural background, and living situation is necessary.

Prevalence rate and age group

The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) provides statistics on ADHD prevalence in the US. Precise data on ADHD prevalence in India remains limited. However, research suggests that it is increasingly recognised as a growing concern among children and adolescents in India.

Several factors contribute to this trend, including increased awareness among healthcare professionals, evolving diagnostic practices, and a decline in the stigma associated with seeking mental health treatment. 

What is the biggest indicator of ADHD?

ADHD is often confused with symptoms of anxiety, so getting a clear diagnosis and managing it well is important. 

All children may sometimes be inattentive, hyperactive, or impulsive. However, in people, these behaviours happen more often, last longer, and are more disruptive, especially compared to their expected developmental level. 

It is important to understand the main symptoms and see how they show up differently in people of different ages. The sooner ADHD is diagnosed and treated, the better it is for the person's academic performance, social life, and overall well-being.

1. Inattention: Difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities, often leading to careless mistakes, unfinished tasks, or being easily distracted.

2. Hyperactivity: Excessive movement or fidgeting, an inability to stay seated, or constantly being on the go, even in situations where such behaviour is inappropriate.

3. Impulsivity: Acting without thinking, interrupting others, difficulty waiting for turns, or making hasty decisions without considering the consequences.

4. Disorganisation: Trouble managing tasks, keeping track of items, or organising activities, which often leads to missed deadlines, forgotten responsibilities, or chaotic workspaces.

5. Poor Time Management: Difficulty estimating the time needed for tasks, procrastination, or frequently being late due to an inability to manage time effectively.

What are the core symptoms of ADHD in children?

ADHD has three main types, each with its own symptoms. 

1. The inattentive type includes trouble staying focused, forgetfulness, being disorganised, and easily getting distracted. The hyperactive-impulsive type is marked by too much fidgeting, feeling restless, not being able to stay seated, interrupting others, and acting without thinking.

2. The combined type has symptoms from both the inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive types. It is important to recognise what specific symptoms someone has to decide on the best treatment.

3. Adult symptoms of hyperactivity might show up differently. However, inattention, impulsivity, and trouble managing emotions can still occur.

This is key for the proper diagnosis and management of ADHD, which can impact about 8.4% of children and 2.5% of young adults, according to the American Psychiatric Association.

Differences in ADHD Manifestation by Age

ADHD shows different signs at various ages. In young children, the most common symptoms are hyperactivity and impulsivity. They often find it hard to sit still, fidget a lot, interrupt others, and wait for their turn.

1. When children start school, inattention often becomes clear. Older children with ADHD may have a hard time following instructions, finishing tasks, or staying organized. This can lead to problems in school. They might also need help to interact with others or make friends.

2. For adolescents, ADHD symptoms like restlessness, inattention, and impulsivity can change. For example, hyperactivity may show up as restlessness or the inability to relax.

3. Adults with ADHD often struggle with time management, organisation, and relationships.

It’s important to identify and address these issues early through various treatments such as medication, psychological counselling (psychotherapy), and addressing any co-occurring mental health conditions, including anxiety disorders.

What are the daily struggles of ADHD?

ADHD is not just a disorder for kids; it can affect people of all ages. It can change their personal, school, and work lives. The constant issues with attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity can lead to problems in everyday activities.

From struggling to focus at work to facing troubles in social situations, ADHD clearly affects daily functioning. Understanding these effects is important. It helps reduce negative views about ADHD and encourages those with the condition to get the support and adjustments they need to succeed.

Academic Challenges and ADHD

School can be difficult for children with hyperactivity disorder symptoms. They often struggle with paying attention, staying organized, and acting without thinking. They might need help to follow directions, finish their work on time, or concentrate during lessons, leading to underachievement and academic challenges.

These children may need more help and understanding from their teachers and classmates to do better in class. Simple strategies like giving clear instructions, breaking tasks into smaller steps, and allowing frequent breaks can really help their learning.

Social Relationships and ADHD

ADHD can affect how a person interacts with others and builds relationships. Problems with managing emotions, acting without thinking, and picking up on social signals can cause misunderstandings and arguments. This makes it hard to form and keep friendships. People with ADHD might interrupt others, say things without thinking, or have trouble waiting their turn due to impulsiveness. This can make social connections tough.

How long does an ADHD diagnosis take?

If you think you or your child may have ADHD, the next important step is to get professional help. The diagnosis process is complete and looks at other medical or psychological issues that could show similar signs.

A healthcare provider who specialises in ADHD, like a psychiatrist, psychologist, or paediatrician, will usually do a deep evaluation. They will look at things like your growth history, behaviour habits at work, and how the symptoms affect daily life before giving an exact diagnosis.

When to seek help?

Recognising the signs of ADHD is important. It is the first step to getting professional help. 

A mental health professional can check for ADHD and make sure there are no other conditions that might cause similar symptoms. Seeking professional help is crucial for finding the best ADHD treatment for your child.

Remember that asking for help is not a sign of weakness. It shows strength and a willingness to take care of your mental health. Plus, seeking guidance shows you are committed to understanding your mind and improving your overall well-being.

What is the most effective treatment for ADHD?

Many treatment options can help manage ADHD well. These options allow people to reduce their symptoms and live better lives. A successful strategy usually includes using medication, therapy, and lifestyle changes together.

The individual, their family, and healthcare providers work together on this process. It's important to check the treatment plan regularly. This helps keep it effective and addresses any new needs or challenges that may come up.

Medication and Therapy

ADHD medications are often prescribed by a qualified healthcare provider. 

It's important to talk about possible side effects and monitor how they affect you. Non-stimulant medications are also available. They might be considered if someone can't handle the side effects from stimulants or has other health issues.

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), often prescribed for anxiety, offers practical ways to manage ADHD symptoms. It also focuses on building organisational skills, improving time management, and enhancing emotional regulation.

Lifestyle Adjustments and Support Systems

Making some lifestyle changes can help improve daily functioning for people with ADHD. 

• Sticking to regular routines, keeping organized spaces, and getting good sleep are important.
• Learning good organizational skills is key. Using calendars for planning, splitting tasks into smaller steps, and having specific spots for important items can help.
• Talking openly about ADHD with trusted people can create a safe space for individuals to share their experiences, challenges, and wins.

What is the stigma around ADHD?

There is more awareness about ADHD now, but misunderstandings still exist. These often come from unclear information and old beliefs. Misunderstandings can lead to stigma. They can stop people from getting the help they need and make it hard to diagnose and treat ADHD properly.

Common ADHD myths

1. One common myth about ADHD is that it is a “made-up” condition or caused by laziness, bad parenting, or too much time on screens.

2. Another myth is that ADHD is only a problem for kids, suggesting people simply grow out of it. In reality, research shows that ADHD can last into adulthood.

3. Adults with ADHD need ongoing ways to manage it so they can handle work, relationships, and life.

ADHD FAQs

What are the first signs of ADHD?

Early detection of ADHD is very important for getting help on time. Symptoms can be different for each person. Some common early signs of ADHD are inattention, trouble focusing, impulsivity, talking too much, and hyperactivity or restlessness that is more than what is normal for a child's age.

Can diet and lifestyle affect ADHD symptoms?

Some diet choices and lifestyle changes can help manage symptoms, even though they do not cure ADHD. Eating a balanced diet is important. Regular exercise, getting enough sleep, and having a stable routine can also help. These factors can lead to better focus, less hyperactivity, and better handling of daily activities for people with ADHD.

Is ADHD hereditary?

Research shows that genes are important in ADHD. If someone in your family, like a parent or a sibling, has ADHD, you are more likely to have it too. This means that ADHD can run in families.

How does ADHD differ in boys and girls?

ADHD shows up in different ways for boys and girls. Boys usually show more visible signs like hyperactivity and impulsivity, which makes it easier for doctors to diagnose them. On the other hand, girls often show things like inattention and anxiety. This can make it harder to spot ADHD in them, causing many girls to go undiagnosed.

Are there support groups for ADHD in India?

Yes, support networks and community help are increasing in India. Many groups provide ADHD resources in India, including online support groups. Here, individuals and families can connect and share their experiences, as well as find important information.

Support is the key

People with ADHD can do well in different areas. It is essential to clear up misunderstandings, raise awareness, and offer support for both kids and adults. Working together in schools, workplaces, and personal relationships can create a friendlier space for people with ADHD to live happy lives. 
 

If you think you have ADHD, talk to healthcare professionals to get the right help and support.

References

1. https://order.store.mayoclinic.com/flex/mmv/bactr01/
2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19252145/
3. https://acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jcpp.12887
4. https://medlineplus.gov/attentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder.html

Note: The content of this blog should not replace professional medical advice. Please consult a healthcare provider if you or someone you want a deeper ADHD diagnosis or to confirm symptoms.