A 2024 Guide To Anxiety & Depression Rates In India

Mental wellness has become a widely discussed topic in India, particularly in recent years as these issues have gained more media attention. This is partly due to several Indian celebrities openly sharing their own experiences.

While mental health is frequently discussed in today's world, wellness often takes a backseat.  Despite its popularity, mental health is something many people still fail to fully understand or recognise.

Before getting into the details of the most common mental health problems - anxiety and depression, it is important to understand what mental health is. In this blog, we will be learning about mental health in India, its various causes and how to address them the right way. So, read on!

What is mental health?

Mental health is a state of our mental well-being, which includes psychological, social and emotional well-being. Mental health affects various aspects of our lives starting from how we feel, think, act, handle stress and make vital decisions. 

What do mental health statistics in India say?

• According to a study from 2017 by Lancet, about 197 million people in India had mental health disorders.
• Depression stats in India showed depression to be the most commonly occurring mental health problem, affecting 45.9 million people.
• A 2021 study published in The Lancet indicated a 35% increase in anxiety disorders in India amidst the pandemic. The research revealed that anxiety and depression significantly affected women and younger individuals more than men and older adults.
• Anxiety rates in India in 2023 showed about 3.3% population in India had anxiety (44.9million)
• Among those affected by mental health problems, the highest number of people fell between the ages of 18-29 years.
• Per a June 2024 report, women in India were more likely to be affected by anxiety when compared to men.

What Is Anxiety and Depression?

Anxiety and depression rank among the most widespread mental health conditions impacting millions of individuals around the world. While both involve overwhelming emotions and affect daily life, they are distinct conditions. Anxiety is characterised by persistent worry, fear, or nervousness about future events. On the other hand, depression involves a prolonged feeling of sadness, hopelessness, or lack of interest in activities once enjoyed.

Both anxiety and depression can occur together, making it important to understand their symptoms and how they differ to seek appropriate help.

What Are the Causes of Anxiety and Depression?

The root causes of anxiety and depression are complex and can vary from person to person. Typically, a mix of biological, psychological, and environmental factors contributes to this.

1. Genetics: Anxiety and depression can run in families, meaning if a close relative has suffered from these conditions, you may be at higher risk.

2. Brain Chemistry: Disruptions in the levels of Specific brain chemicals, such as serotonin and dopamine, can influence both anxiety and depression.

3. Stress: Prolonged stress from work, relationships, or major life events like divorce or financial problems can trigger or worsen these conditions.

4. Trauma: Experiencing traumatic events, particularly in childhood, can elevate the likelihood of developing anxiety or depression later in life.

5. Health Conditions: Chronic illnesses or significant changes in physical health can also impact mental well-being, leading to symptoms of anxiety and depression.

Understanding the root causes is essential because it can help in identifying the most effective and suitable treatment options, whether through therapy, lifestyle changes, or medication.

Top 5 Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression

Recognising the signs of anxiety and depression is crucial to getting the right support. Here are the top 5 common symptoms for both conditions:

1. Constant Worry or Fear: People with anxiety often find themselves stuck in a loop of worry or fear, even about small things. In depression, this may appear as a sense of impending doom.

2. Sleep Issues: Both anxiety and depression can severely disrupt sleep patterns, causing either insomnia or excessive sleeping.

3. Fatigue or Lack of Energy: Feeling drained, both physically and mentally, is a major symptom of both anxiety and depression. It becomes hard to get out of bed or perform daily tasks.

4. Changes in Appetite: Anxiety may cause loss of appetite, while depression can swing both ways—either reducing appetite or leading to overeating.

5. Difficulty Concentrating: Both anxiety and depression make it hard to focus. Simple tasks might feel overwhelming, and decision-making becomes difficult.

Difference Between Anxiety and Depression

How do I know if I have depression or anxiety?

If you think you might be experiencing anxiety or depression, taking a simple self-assessment can help you better understand your mental health. These tests, often available online, ask about your feelings, behaviours, and physical symptoms over the past few weeks. Although not a diagnosis, they can offer insights into your condition and encourage you to seek professional support if necessary.

Remember, it’s okay to reach out for help! Mental health professionals, including therapists and counsellors, can provide the guidance you need to manage these conditions and improve your quality of life.

How Is Anxiety and Depression Treated?

Treating anxiety and depression often requires a combination of approaches tailored to individual needs. The treatment suggested by your doctor will be based on the root causes and severity of your symptoms. Common approaches include:

1. Medications: Antidepressants or anti-anxiety medications are commonly prescribed to regulate brain chemicals that impact mood and stress. These medicines can help manage symptoms and improve daily functioning.

2. Psychotherapy (Talk Therapy): Therapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), helps you understand and change negative thought patterns that contribute to anxiety and depression. Talking to a therapist can also provide emotional support and teach coping strategies.

3. Brain Stimulation Therapies: In more severe cases of depression, treatments like electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may be recommended to stimulate brain activity and improve mood.

4. Healthy Lifestyle Modifications: Simple lifestyle changes can greatly impact mental health. This includes eating a balanced meal, getting enough sleep, reducing alcohol consumption, and avoiding excessive caffeine. These habits can improve mood and reduce anxiety over time.

5. Exercise: Regular physical activity, even a daily walk, boosts endorphins, the brain’s natural mood elevators. Exercise helps lower stress, anxiety, and depression while also improving sleep and energy levels.

6. Yoga for Anxiety and Depression: Yoga is a valuable tool for managing both anxiety and depression. Through physical postures, deep breathing, and mindfulness, yoga calms the nervous system and reduces stress. Specific poses can help relax the mind and body, promoting better sleep and mental clarity. Integrating yoga into your routine fosters emotional balance and enhances overall well-being.

7. Mindfulness and Meditation: Practicing mindfulness and meditation helps you stay present and focused, which can ease the overwhelming thoughts associated with anxiety and depression. These techniques promote relaxation, reduce stress, and improve your overall sense of calm.

How to Overcome Anxiety and Depression?

Overcoming anxiety and depression is a gradual process that involves consistent effort and support. Here are some key strategies that can help:

• Seek Professional Help: Consulting with a psychiatrist is the first step to recovery. They can offer therapy, prescribe medications, or recommend other treatments based on your condition.
• Stay Connected: Keeping close relationships with friends and family can offer a valuable support system. Sharing your feelings with trusted individuals can help ease the burden of anxiety and depression.
• Set Small, Achievable Goals: Breaking tasks down into smaller, manageable steps can help alleviate feelings of being overwhelmed and provide a sense of accomplishment. This approach also helps improve focus and motivation.
• Prioritise Self-Care: Regular self-care activities, such as eating well, exercising, practising yoga, or simply taking time to relax, can significantly reduce anxiety and depressive symptoms. Prioritising your mental and physical well-being helps build resilience and encourages positive change.

By combining these treatments and self-care strategies, you can manage and ultimately overcome anxiety and depression, leading to a healthier, more balanced life.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Can lifestyle changes alone treat anxiety and depression?

Lifestyle changes like exercise, healthy eating, and meditation can help manage mild anxiety and depression. However, severe cases often require a combination of medication and therapy for effective treatment.

2. How long does it take to recover from anxiety and depression?

Recovery time varies; some may feel better in weeks, while others take months. Consistent treatment and support are key to improvement.

3. Can therapy help with both anxiety and depression?

Yes, therapy, especially cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), is effective for both anxiety and depression. It helps you understand and manage negative thoughts and behaviours.

4. How can I support a loved one with anxiety or depression?

Offer a listening ear, encourage them to seek professional help, and be supportive without judgment. Small gestures of kindness and empathy can make a big difference.

Parting words

Anxiety and depression can happen to anyone. These mental health conditions are not a sign of weakness. These conditions should not bring you or your family any shame. They are both treatable and manageable. 

While it is important to understand what you are feeling and get help, it is also essential to be aware of when someone else is going through it and help them. 

However, most of them are either unaware of it or are neglected by their family and friends. When having stress or anxiety, speaking to a family member, friend, or healthcare provider is essential to process your feelings. With timely treatment, both can be addressed.