12 Early Signs of Dengue To Know About
Dengue fever is a serious illness spread by mosquitoes, causing symptoms that can become severe if not treated early. With dengue outbreaks becoming more common, especially in places like India, recognising the early signs of dengue can help you get the right treatment in time. Here are 12 early signs of dengue to watch out for:
12 Early Signs Of Dengue To Look Out For!
1. High Fever
One of the most prominent early signs of dengue is a sudden high fever, often reaching up to 104°F (40°C). This fever usually begins a few days after a mosquito bite from an infected carrier and may continue for several days. It’s essential to monitor any high fever closely and seek medical attention if it persists.
2. Severe Headache
A severe headache, particularly in the forehead region, is a common symptom of dengue fever. This headache can be intense and persistent, making it difficult to concentrate on daily activities. If you experience a severe headache along with other dengue symptoms, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare professional.
3. Pain Behind the Eyes
Dengue often causes pain behind the eyes, also known as retro-orbital pain. This discomfort can worsen with eye movement and may be accompanied by redness and swelling around the eyes. If you have this pain along with a fever, it’s worth getting checked for dengue fever.
4. Muscle and Joint Pain
Dengue is often called 'breakbone fever' because of the intense muscle and joint pain it can produce. This pain can be debilitating, affecting the back, legs, and joints, making movement difficult. Muscle and joint pain, combined with other symptoms, can indicate the presence of dengue fever.
5. Extreme Fatigue
Extreme fatigue and weakness are common early signs of dengue. This fatigue can be overwhelming, making it challenging to perform even simple tasks. If you feel unusually tired and weak, especially if other symptoms are present, it’s important to get checked for dengue.
6. Skin Rash
A skin rash is a common symptom of dengue, typically appearing a few days after the onset of fever. The rash can vary in appearance, often starting as small red spots that may spread across the body. In some cases, the rash may be itchy or cause discomfort. This skin rash usually persists even after the dengue is cured.
7. Nausea and Vomiting
Nausea and vomiting are early signs of dengue that can occur alongside other symptoms. These gastrointestinal issues can lead to dehydration, so it’s essential to stay hydrated and seek medical advice if nausea and vomiting persist.
8. Swollen Lymph Nodes
They are usually present in the neck and groin and can be an early indicator of dengue. The glands might feel tender and enlarged, signalling how the body is reacting to the infection.
9. Abdominal Pain
Abdominal pain and discomfort are frequently experienced symptoms of dengue. This pain can be severe and is often located in the lower part of the abdomen. If you have ongoing abdominal pain, particularly if accompanied by other symptoms, it’s important to seek medical attention.
10. Bleeding Gums or Nosebleeds
Bleeding gums or nosebleeds can be early warning signs of severe dengue, also known as dengue hemorrhagic fever. These symptoms indicate that the virus is affecting the blood's ability to clot, which can lead to more serious complications.
11. Loss of Appetite
A noticeable loss of appetite is a common early sign of dengue. This may result in weight loss and fatigue, making it even more crucial to maintain proper nutrition and hydration during the illness.
12. Restlessness and Irritability
Restlessness and irritability can occur in the early stages of dengue. These symptoms, combined with physical discomfort and other signs, can significantly impact your quality of life. If you or someone you know experiences these symptoms, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.
When Should I Go for Dengue Screening?
Dengue fever can escalate quickly, making timely diagnosis and treatment critical. Here’s when you should consider going for dengue screening:
1. Onset of Symptoms: If you develop a sudden high fever (104°F or higher) accompanied by any of the symptoms mentioned above, it's crucial to get screened. These symptoms typically appear 4-10 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito.
2. Persistent Symptoms: If your symptoms last beyond a couple of days or worsen despite taking general fever-reducing measures, you should seek medical advice and consider dengue testing.
3. Recent Travel to High-Risk Areas: If you have recently travelled to areas with ongoing dengue outbreaks or where dengue is endemic and you begin to feel unwell, getting screened for dengue is essential.
4. History of Dengue Exposure: If you have been in close contact with someone diagnosed with dengue or live in an area where dengue cases are being reported, it is advised to monitor for symptoms and get screened if symptoms appear.
5. High-Risk Groups: Those with weakened immune systems, pregnant women, young children, and older adults face a greater risk of severe dengue complications. If you or someone you know belongs to these groups and is experiencing symptoms, it’s important to get screened quickly for the best care.
Why Are Dengue Cases Rising in India?
Dengue cases in India are rising due to several factors. As of June 2024, India is experiencing a significant rise in dengue cases. According to a report by the National Center for Vector Borne Diseases Control, over 320,000 cases have been reported across various states. States like Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal have seen particularly high numbers. Some of the factors that are linked to the increase in the number of cases are:
1. Urbanisation: Increased urban population density facilitates the breeding of Aedes mosquitoes.
2. Climate Change: Warmer temperatures and irregular rainfall patterns create ideal conditions for mosquito breeding.
3. Water Storage Practices: Storing water in open containers provides breeding sites for mosquitoes.
4. Lack of Awareness: Limited public awareness about preventive measures contributes to the spread of the virus.
FAQs On Dengue In India
Q.1) What is dengue fever, and how is it transmitted?
Dengue fever is a viral illness spread through mosquito bites. It spreads to humans through the bites of infected female Aedes mosquitoes, mainly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. These mosquitoes are also known for spreading Zika and Chikungunya viruses.
Q.2) How is dengue treated?
Dengue fever treatment includes staying hydrated, taking acetaminophen for pain and fever, and resting. Severe cases may require hospitalisation for fluids and monitoring. Avoid aspirin and prevent mosquito bites. Eat a healthy diet that will help you strengthen bones and joints and provide you with essential nutrients.
Q.3) What skin changes occur with dengue?
A skin rash is a common symptom of dengue, typically appearing a few days after the onset of fever. The rash can vary in appearance, often starting as small red spots that may spread across the body. In some cases, the rash may be itchy or cause discomfort.
Q.4) Is it common to feel restless with dengue?
Restlessness and irritability can occur in the early stages of dengue. These symptoms, combined with physical discomfort and other signs, can significantly impact your quality of life. If you or someone you know experiences these symptoms, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Q.5) How is dengue diagnosed?
Laboratory tests that detect the virus, viral RNA, or antibodies generated in response to the infection are used to diagnose dengue. Common tests include the NS1 antigen test, PCR test, and IgM/IgG antibody test.
Q.6) How long does dengue last?
Dengue fever typically lasts about 7 to 10 days. The acute phase of the illness typically lasts 2 to 7 days, followed by a period of recovery. However, symptoms such as fatigue and weakness can persist for a few weeks after the initial infection has resolved.
Key Takeaways
Knowing the early signs of dengue, like high fever, severe headaches, pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, extreme fatigue, skin rash, nausea, vomiting, swollen lymph nodes, abdominal pain, bleeding gums, loss of appetite, and restlessness can help you get timely treatment. If you notice any of these signs or symptoms, seek medical help right away. Staying informed and vigilant can help you manage dengue fever effectively and prevent serious complications.
For additional support, traditional remedies like drinking papaya leaf juice may help boost platelets, and consuming dragon fruit and kiwi due to their high vitamin C content can aid in recovery. Always consult a doctor before relying on home remedies for dengue treatment.
References
1. https://ncvbdc.mohfw.gov.in/index4.php?lang=1&level=0&linkid=431&lid=3715
2. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue
3. https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/index.html
4. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/dengue-fever
