This page contains brief details about the drug , it's indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.
Background and Date of Approval
Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus (DPT) Vaccine is the bacterial vaccine that belongs to the category known as combination vaccines. It was approved by the U.S. FDA on 17th of December 1991 to prevent three infectious diseases (diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus).
Mechanism of Action of undefined
Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus (DPT) vaccine used for protecting children against respiratory, skin disease, whooping cough, polio, hepatitis B, and influenza. Diphtheria is a contagious bacterial infection that primarily affects the respiratory system and results in complications, including heart and nervous system damage. Pertussis is characterized by severe coughing fits and a "whooping" sound during inhalation. It can be particularly dangerous for infants, causing serious complications such as pneumonia and seizures. Tetanus, also known as "lockjaw," is caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium. It mainly affects the nervous system and leads to severe muscle stiffness and spasms.
Uses of undefined
The Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus (DPT) Vaccine stimulates the body's immune system to produce antibodies against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus bacteria. These antibodies help to protect against future infection by these bacteria.
undefined Drug administaration and Dosage available
The Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus (DPT) vaccine is administered as an injection into the upper arm. The specific dosage and number of injections required can vary depending on the patient's age and vaccination history. For infants, the vaccine is typically given in three doses, with the first dose administered at birth or shortly after that and the second and third doses given at 1-2 months and six months of age.
Warnings, Precautions and Side Effects of undefined
Warnings
Do not use this vaccine if your child has an acute severe febrile illness because the immune system may already be compromised due to the illness, and receiving a vaccine during this time may not provide an optimal immune response. So, the vaccination should be delayed until you or your child has recovered completely. Suppose you or your child has experienced Guillain-Barré syndrome(a neurological disorder in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the peripheral nerves) within six weeks of a previous dose of a tetanus-containing vaccine. In that case, your doctor will evaluate the situation and decide whether this vaccine should be given. This vaccine during pregnancy allows protection to be passed on to the child in the womb to protect from whooping cough during the first few months of life. Booster doses are recommended in later childhood and adulthood to maintain protection. The Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus (DPT) Vaccine is administered in a series of doses during infancy and childhood to provide long-lasting immunity against the disease.
Precautions
Before vaccinating, inform your doctor if you or your child has any problems with the blood that causes easy bruising, prolonged bleeding after minor cuts (e.g., hemophilia or thrombocytopenia) or if you are on blood-thinning medications. They will evaluate and determine the appropriate course of action regarding vaccination. If your child has taken a booster dose of diphtheria and tetanus vaccine within the last four weeks, the administration of this vaccine should be deferred. Your doctor will refer to official recommendations to determine the appropriate timing for the next vaccination. Suppose you or your child has a weakened or compromised immune system due to conditions like HIV infection, cancer, or immunosuppressive medications. In that case, the immune response to the Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus (DPT) Vaccine may be reduced. In such cases, your doctor will assess the risks and benefits of vaccination and may recommend alternative strategies or timing.
Side Effects
The common side effects that are likely to occur while you are on the treatment with Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus (DPT) Vaccine are diarrhoea, vomiting, high temperature, headache, nausea and swollen joints. Some serious side effects also include lack of consciousness, fits, rashes, blisters, difficulty swallowing and sudden drop in blood pressure. If you experience any allergic or unusual reactions after taking this medicine, report to your doctor immediately.
Word Of Advice
Your doctor or nurse will not give you the vaccine into a blood vessel, into the buttocks, or under the skin. In case of blood clotting disorders, they may decide to inject under the skin, although this might result in more local side effects, including a small lump under the skin. If you have further doubts regarding the vaccination, ask your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse for clarification. Store the Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus (DPT) vaccine in a refrigerator between (2°C-8°C). It should not be frozen.
Frequently Asked Question
References
- Package leaflet: Information for the user REPEVAX- medicines. Available at: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.5580.pdf (Accessed: 15 May 2023).
- Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus (DPT) Vaccine, Package leaflet. Information for the user. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/media/74035/download (Accessed: 15 May 2023).
Disclaimer
The drug information on this page is not a substitute for medical advice, it is meant for educational purposes only. For further details consult your doctor about your medical condition to know if you are eligible to receive this treatment.
