23 Aug 2024
8 mins
Can your blood group type help predict diabetes? An essential guideDo you think your blood's only role is to transport vital oxygen and nutrients
throughout your body? It might surprise you to know that certain blood types can
increase the risk of developing diabetes. While we all know traditional risk
factors such as diet, genetics, physical inactivity, cholesterol, and blood
pressure, understanding your blood group type might present a new perspective on
predicting, preventing, and managing this condition.
IS DIABETES CONSIDERED A SILENT KILLER?
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by elevated glucose
levels (blood sugar) in the body. This condition often leads to various side
effects and long-term health complications. Insulin, a hormone crucial for
transporting sugar from the bloodstream into your cells for energy, is either
produced in insufficient amounts or not effectively utilised in diabetes. As a
result, glucose remains in the blood rather than being used by the cells,
leading to persistent high blood sugar levels.
WHAT ARE THE COMMON SYMPTOMS OF DIABETES?
The symptoms of diabetes
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/common-side-effects-of-diabetes]
include
* Frequent urination
* Numbness or tingling in your hands or feet
* Unexplained weight loss
* Blurred vision
* Fatigue
* Dry mouth and increased thirst
* Slow-healing of sores or cuts
* Frequent skin and vaginal yeast infections
WHAT IS THE LINK BETWEEN BLOOD TYPE AND DIABETES RISK?
Blood type, determined by the ABO and RhD systems, could be more important in
your health than you might think. Your blood group might affect how your body
handles glucose and insulin, the hormones responsible for regulating blood sugar
levels
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/health-care/know-your-blood-sugar-numbers].
According to recent research, different blood types may be connected with an
increased or decreased risk of developing type 2 diabetes
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/prevention-type-2-diabetes].
WHICH BLOOD GROUP IS PRONE TO DIABETES?
While blood type may play a role, it is a minor factor compared to well-known
risk factors like diet, exercise, and genetics. A study
[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-014-3472-9] conducted by
researchers from INSERM and affiliated institutions found that
* Women with blood type "A" are 10% more likely to develop type 2 diabetes than
those with blood type "O."
* Women with blood type "B" had a 21% higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes
than those with blood type "O."
* Blood type "O" is linked to reduced levels of insulin resistance, which is a
major risk factor for diabetes.
This is because blood type “O” has lower levels of insulin resistance, which is
a crucial factor in developing diabetes. However, this study was conducted on
females. These results may or may not apply to men.
WHICH BLOOD GROUP IS INSULIN RESISTANT?
Insulin resistance is a complex condition where your body’s cells don’t respond
properly to insulin, which can lead to increased blood glucose levels.
Research
[https://www.actamedicamediterranea.com/archive/2017/medica-6/there-is-a-relation-between-blood-subgroups-and-insulin-resistance/document]
conducted at Kayseri Training and Research Hospital indicates that.
* Blood type "A" is more prone to insulin resistance.
* Blood type "O" is less prone to insulin resistance.
* Blood type A Rh(+) shows a significantly higher prevalence of insulin
resistance.
This study identifies a link between blood types and insulin resistance. This
might be due to the way certain blood types interact with insulin and glucose
metabolism.
WHAT ARE THE RISK FACTORS FOR DIABETES?
The risk factors for diabetes are important in the prevention and management of
the condition. The risk factors include
* Genetics
* Auto-immune conditions
* Exposure to viruses such as Enteroviruses and Rubella Virus
* Age
* Obesity
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/cancer-care/obesity-symptoms-side-effects]
* Physical inactivity
* Blood pressure
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/hypertension/low-blood-pressure-causes-effects-heart]
IS BLOOD GROUP A RISK FACTOR FOR DIABETES?
A comprehensive approach is essential when evaluating diabetes risk. While
certain blood groups can be a risk factor, they should not be the only focus.
Diabetes risk is significantly influenced by lifestyle factors such as a good
diet
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/health-care/benefits-of-eating-healthy],
regular exercise, and weight management. The blood group is just one piece of
the puzzle.
BLOOD GROUP-RELATED HEALTH COMPLICATIONS
A study published in the Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jth.12507] found that people
with blood type “AB” have nearly double the risk of stroke
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/heart-care/stroke-causes-types-symptoms-treatment]
compared to those with blood type O. This research, part of the REGARDS Study,
involved over 30,000 participants and linked to higher stroke risk in
non-diabetic individuals with blood type AB.
CAN BLOOD GROUPS HELP IN DIABETES PREVENTION?
While knowing your blood type might offer some insights into your diabetic risk,
it should be part of a broader prevention plan. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/diabetes-exercise-diet-lifestyle]
is the most efficient way to reduce the risk of diabetes. This includes regular
physical activity, a balanced diet, and maintaining a healthy weight. Making
certain lifestyle changes can significantly reduce the risk of diabetes, such
as
1. Maintain a healthy weight: Weight loss can reduce the risk of diabetes. To
prevent the condition from progressing, the American Diabetes Association
advises prediabetics to lose 7% to 10% of their body weight. Being obese
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/health-care/world-obesity-day] can double
the risk of diabetes.
2. Physical activity: Has various benefits, such as
* Lower your blood sugar levels
* Reduce weight
* Boost your sensitivity to insulin — which helps regulate blood sugar within a
normal range.
3. Healthy diet: Eating a diet that is rich in proteins and minerals not only
helps with diabetes but also enhances the overall well-being of an individual.
Consider a fibre-rich diet, which can help in
* Reducing the absorption of fat and cholesterol
* Slowing down the absorption of sugar and reducing blood sugar levels
* Managing Inflammation and Blood Pressure to Improve Heart Health
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/heart-care/how-to-keep-heart-healthy]
Stay away from "bad carbohydrates" such as processed meals, food that is rich in
sugar, white bread, pastries, and fruit juices.
It is important to begin with regular screenings if you want to take charge of
your diabetes risk. Make an appointment for a blood sugar test with your
healthcare provider as soon as possible if it has been a while since your last
checkup. Diabetes may be managed and prevented effectively with early
detection.
CAN BLOOD GROUPS HELP IN DIABETES TREATMENT?
Knowing your blood type can be beneficial when treating diabetes. It can help
tailor certain treatment strategies or provide an overview of how you might
respond to different medications. However, treatment decisions should always be
made after discussing with healthcare professionals.
PERSONALISED TREATMENT APPROACHES
Personalised treatment approaches optimise diabetes management by considering
various factors, including blood type. For example, individuals with different
blood types might respond differently to certain medications or dietary
interventions.
Knowing your blood type can help healthcare professionals to make more accurate
choices regarding your treatment plan.
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE DOCTOR IN DIABETES?
Healthcare professionals play an important role in managing diabetes. They can
personalise your treatment plan based on an evaluation of your health condition,
including blood type, lifestyle factors and medical history. Working with your
healthcare team can help in effective treatment and support for managing
diabetes.
PROFESSIONALS INSIGHTS
Dr. Kotwal says, “The call for action for a 20-year-old male whose waist
circumference is more than 80 centimetres and for a woman whose waist
circumference is more than 90 centimetres, or if there is one family member with
diabetes, that family member could be a father, mother, or a relative, is to get
screened. If both parents are diabetic, the risk is 90%, and if one parent is
diabetic, it is 70%. On the other hand, if one relative is diabetic, the risk is
40%.”
Dr Kotwal states, “One factor which really impacts is weight gain. After 10
years of age, individuals exceeding the 85th percentile are considered
overweight, and those surpassing the 95th percentile are classified as obese.
All these individuals are at risk of developing diabetes,”
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQS)
1. Is blood type O safe from diabetes?
Individuals with blood type O have a lower risk of developing diabetes when
compared with blood groups A and B.
2. What is the most common blood type for diabetics?
Blood type A might be associated with a higher risk of developing type 2
diabetes compared to blood type O, which is linked to a lower risk. However,
blood type is just one factor among many that influence diabetes risk.
3. Is blood type O the healthiest?
Blood type O has a decreased risk of developing heart conditions and diabetes
when compared to blood types A and B.
4. Can blood groups prevent diabetes?
No, blood groups cannot prevent diabetes, but certain blood types like A and B
can increase the risk of acquiring diabetes.
5. What diseases are associated with blood type O?
The blood type has an increased incidence of plague, tuberculosis, and cholera.
WRAPPING UP
While blood type influences diabetes risk, it should not be the primary focus.
Studies have shown that blood types such as A and B might have an increased risk
of developing insulin resistance and diabetes, while blood type O has less risk
compared to both.
Ultimately, maintaining a healthy lifestyle—through a balanced diet, regular
exercise, and weight management—is crucial in reducing diabetes risk. Regular
screenings and consultations with doctors are essential for early detection and
personalised treatment. Blood type knowledge can complement traditional methods
but should not replace standard preventive measures and treatments.
REFERENCES
1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4621172/
[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4621172/]
2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3142337/
[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3142337/]
3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13304326/
[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13304326/]
4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8712191/
[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8712191/]
5. https://ashpublications.org/blood/article/115/23/4635/27755/The-relationship-between-blood-groups-and-disease
[https://ashpublications.org/blood/article/115/23/4635/27755/The-relationship-between-blood-groups-and-disease]
Note: The information provided in this blog is intended for general knowledge.
It is important to remember that it should not replace professional medical
advice. If you have any concerns about diabetes or related symptoms, please
consult a healthcare provider.
5 Jun 2024
5 mins
5 Best Approaches to Managing Diabetes: Diet, Exercise, and MoreDiabetes is a commonly occurring condition in most people these days. In
diabetes, the blood sugar (glucose) level in an individual’s body is higher than
normal. Diabetes occurs when the pancreas fails to produce enough amount of
insulin or doesn’t make any at all. It may also occur if the body of the patient
does not respond to insulin properly. There are two major forms of diabetes
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/world-diabetes-day]: Type 1
diabetes and Type 2 diabetes. Both of these common types of diabetes are
lifelong conditions that require proper treatment and management.
Type 1 Diabetes: This type of diabetes is an autoimmune condition in which the
immune system acts on the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas and destroys
them. As a result of the immune system attack, the pancreas produces little or
no insulin. Type 1 diabetes is also known as insulin-dependent diabetes.
Type 2 Diabetes: This type of diabetes is the most common type of diabetes. A
person is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes when their body fails to produce
sufficient insulin or when the body fails to respond to the insulin in the body.
The risk of developing type 2 diabetes
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/prevention-type-2-diabetes] is
high in the following people,
* Who are obese
* Leading a sedentary lifestyle
* Eating processed foods, sugary foods, saturated fats and high-carbohydrate
foods
* Taking certain medications like corticosteroids (long-term use)
* Having certain hormonal disorders like hypothyroidism
* Having chronic stress
* Lacking quality sleep
TREATMENT FOR DIABETES
The treatment for diabetes depends on the type of diabetes, age, and overall
health of the patient. Treatments for diabetes management
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/common-side-effects-of-diabetes]
include a combination of blood sugar monitoring, medications or insulin, and
healthy lifestyle changes such as a diabetic diet and exercise.
WHY ARE LIFESTYLE CHANGES FOR DIABETES IMPORTANT?
Diabetes is a chronic lifelong condition. When not managed properly, diabetes
can pose a serious risk to health. Hence, healthy lifestyle changes for diabetes
are important to manage the condition in the long run, prevent the risk of other
conditions and have an improved quality of life. People with type 1 diabetes and
type 2 diabetes may experience symptoms like increased thirst, fatigue, frequent
urge to pee, dry mouth, weight loss, etc.
If diabetes is not managed well, in the long term, it may increase the patient’s
risk of developing various other conditions. Hence, along with proper
medications, lifestyle changes for diabetes are also needed. Some of the
complications that can occur due to diabetes include:
1. Cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke, atherosclerosis, coronary artery
disease, and heart attack
2. Nephropathy that can cause kidney failure or the need for a kidney
transplant.
3. Kidney problems requiring dialysis
4. Diabetic Retinopathy (eye damage)
5. Diabetic Neuropathy (nerve damage)
6. Skin and mouth conditions
7. Hearing loss
8. Foot damage
9. Sexual dysfunctions
10. Gastroparesis
11. Mental health problems
LIFESTYLE CHANGES FOR DIABETES MANAGEMENT
5 strategies to help you manage your diabetes better!
While medications, insulin therapy, and blood sugar monitoring are important to
manage your diabetes, they cannot be effective if you don’t make healthy
lifestyle changes. To manage your diabetes, reduce the risk of developing other
health complications, and improve the quality of your life, and it is important
to follow a healthy lifestyle along with your doctor-prescribed treatment.
Here’s a list of 5 lifestyle changes that can help you manage your diabetes
well,
1. A DIABETIC DIET
A diabetic diet
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/diabetic-diet-plan] may sound
fancy, but it is not what it sounds like. A diabetic diet, in simple terms, is a
list of foods that you must and must not eat with diabetes. Even in the case of
a non-diabetic patient, the food they eat affects their blood sugar levels in
the body, let alone in a person with diabetes. Individuals with diabetes have to
eat more mindfully to ensure their blood sugar levels are in check.
Because what you eat has a direct effect on your blood sugar levels. Controlled
portion sizes and healthy foods make up for the most important aspects of a
diabetic diet. But, with the availability of so many options, finding the right
foods to eat with diabetes may be challenging. Hence, it is best to consult a
dietician to understand what your body needs if you have diabetes. Your
dietician will provide you with the right diet chart, depending on your case, to
ensure your health is not compromised.
In general, individuals having diabetes must include the following foods in
their diabetic diet,
* Plenty of vegetables
* Foods high in fiber, like legumes, chickpeas, vegetables, and whole grains
* Healthy fats like walnuts, flax seeds, extra virgin olive oil, etc
* Whole-grain foods
* Fat-free /low-fat yogurt, milk, and cheese
* Protein-rich foods like beans, lentils, lean meat, and seafood
LIST OF LOW GLYCEMIC INDEX (GI) FOODS TO EAT IN DIABETES
Foods that have a low Glycemic Index (GI) cause gradual release of glucose in
the bloodstream and help regulate blood sugar levels.
* Spinach
* Yogurt
* Cabbage and cauliflower
* Barley
* Lentils
* Chickpeas
* Nuts and Seeds
* Curd
* Tomatoes
Foods to avoid if you have diabetes include the following,
* Foods rich in sugar like ice creams, desserts, sugar-rich cereals
* Foods with a high glycemic index (GI), such as white rice and potatoes
* Processed foods like packaged items (chips and biscuits)
* Processed red meat
* Foods rich in saturated fats
* Alcoholic beverages
* Foods high in sodium
* Trans fats
* Refined carbohydrates such as pasta, pastries, and white bread
2. EXERCISING REGULARLY
A very powerful way of managing weight and diabetes is exercising. Exercising
regularly helps in improving insulin sensitivity, lowering blood sugar levels,
and managing weight. To manage diabetes, a gym or high-intensity workout is not
necessary. A normal every day workout of 30 minutes daily is enough.
If you have diabetes, then you can add physical activity to your everyday life
by incorporating exercises like walking, jogging, yoga, or cycling. As a
diabetic patient, your aim should be to add at least 150 minutes of exercise in
a week. Regular exercising will also reduce your risk of getting heart disease
and will help you manage stress better.
3. MANAGE STRESS
One of the most common risk factors for various health conditions is stress.
When you are stressed, the blood sugar levels in your body shoot up. Stress can
make it difficult to manage diabetes. Hence, an important strategy for effective
management of diabetes is stress management. Additionally, stress also impacts
sleep and mental health, both of which can make diabetes worse.
To manage and relieve stress, you can practice yoga and deep breathing
exercises, enjoy your favorite hobby, journal, listen to music, or meditate. If
you are extremely stressed, then it is best advised to seek help from a
professional such as a counselor or a psychologist to understand the root cause
of your stress better and address it to improve your mental health.
4. MAINTAIN A HEALTHY WEIGHT
Obesity or overweight is a huge risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes.
Being overweight also increases the risk of developing heart disease. To
maintain a healthy weight, a combination of a diabetic diet, exercise, and
stress management is required. Avoid alcohol consumption and quit smoking, as
both of these habits can further worsen diabetes and your overall health.
5. QUALITY SLEEP
One of the most overlooked aspects of diabetes management is quality sleep. A
study revealed that quality sleep is essential
[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10693913/#:~:text=Sleep%20is%20essential%20for%20controlling%20how%20the%20body%20uses%20glucose,developing%20diabetes%20and%20insulin%20resistance.]
to control how our body uses glucose. A poor quality of sleep can not only
worsen type 2 diabetes but also increase the risk of developing insulin
resistance, restless leg syndrome (RLS), sleep apnea, and insomnia. Sleep also
increases stress, causes hormonal imbalance, and worsens metabolism. Hence, to
manage diabetes effectively, quality sleep is essential. To improve the quality
of your sleep, you can follow the below-mentioned tips:
1. Avoid using electronic devices like laptops and computers at least 2 hours
before you go to sleep.
2. Read books before you sleep to relax
3. Avoid consuming any stimulants at night, such as caffeinated beverages
4. Make your environment comfortable for a good sleep
5. Avoid heavy evening workouts before you sleep
6. Practice going to bed at the same time every night and waking up at the same
time in the morning.
7. Avoid drinking alcohol around your bedtime.
TAKE AWAY
Being diagnosed with diabetes can be stressful and life-changing. Especially
when you know it is a lifelong condition. However, having diabetes doesn’t mean
you cannot lead a healthy life. With proper care, treatment, and precautions,
you can manage your diabetes effectively. To ensure you manage your condition
well, ensure to see your doctor regularly, take your prescribed medications on
time, be consistent with your blood sugar monitoring, and make healthy lifestyle
changes.
The prognosis of diabetes may vary from patient to patient, depending on various
factors. The factors determining the outlook (prognosis) of diabetes include the
type of diabetes, the age of the patient at the time of diagnosis, how long the
patient has had diabetes, overall patient health, how well the condition is
managed, and if the patient has developed any complications.
12 Jan 2024
8 mins
Semaglutide Diet PlanUnderstanding what to eat and when to eat when you are on medication can be
tricky. Your meal timing, size, and the types of foods and drinks consumed can
all affect your body's response to a medicine. Food-related dosing instructions
for medicines vary greatly and are not the same for all medications. So, if you
are currently on semaglutide medication
[https://www.mrmed.in/molecule/semaglutide], you may wonder: "Will my diet
affect the drug's effectiveness and increase my chances of experiencing
uncomfortable side effects? Will it help for weight loss?" The answer may be
yes. Look below on this blog to discover an ideal diet for semaglutide to
improve blood sugar profiles while minimizing adverse side effects.
HOW DOES SEMAGLUTIDE WORK?
Semaglutide is a diabetic medication used to improve blood sugar control in type
2 diabetes
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/prevention-type-2-diabetes] and
aid in weight management in individuals with obesity or overweight. To recognize
the possible interaction between semaglutide and your diet, familiarizing
yourself with the semaglutide's mechanism of action will be helpful. And here's
what you need to know: semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor
agonist. Thus, it functions similarly to the endogenous hormone GLP-1, which:
* Stimulates insulin release and inhibits glucagon secretion, which helps
regulate blood sugar levels.
* Slows down gastric emptying, prolonging feelings of fullness and aiding in
better blood glucose control.
* Acts on the brain's appetite regulation areas, particularly the satiety
center in the hypothalamus, to reduce appetite.
IS THERE AN IDEAL SEMAGLUTIDE DIET?
Semaglutide is an anti-obesity medication, which, when taken as a 2.4 mg weekly
subcutaneous injection combined with a low-calorie diet and exercise, typically
leads to an average weight loss of 9.6% to 17.4%
[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9807016/] of initial body weight
in patients. As mentioned above, semaglutide basically simulates the action of a
naturally occurring hormone, GLP-1, in your body helping in weight loss. Also,
there is little risk of a food-drug interaction. So, what should you eat while
taking semaglutide? While, there isn't a "special diet" for semaglutide, but
there are a few tips that you could follow:
* To minimize semaglutide's adverse side effects
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/side-effects-of-semaglutide]
and,
* Boost its effectiveness in controlling your blood sugar levels.
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/health-care/know-your-blood-sugar-numbers]
I. FOOD TO EAT WHILE ON SEMAGLUTIDE
While on semaglutide, adapting your diet is key. While there's no strict
'semaglutide diet,' following general healthy eating principles enhances the
medication's effectiveness in managing blood sugar levels and weight loss.
Here's what to focus on:
* Carbohydrates: Opt for complex carbohydrates like brown rice, oats, quinoa,
and wholemeal spaghetti. These are digested slowly, causing a gradual rise in
blood sugar. Aim to have these make up a quarter of your plate.
* Proteins: Include protein in every meal to reduce blood sugar spikes and
increase fullness, preventing overeating. Good protein choices include plant
proteins, pork loin, lean beef, skinless chicken, and white fish. About a
quarter of your plate should consist of protein.
* Fiber: Fill half your plate with vegetables and fruits. They are high in
fiber, which slows down carbohydrate absorption and boosts satiety.
Remember, while limiting fatty foods is a start, a balanced approach to your
diet will support your diabetes management while on semaglutide.
II. FOODS TO AVOID WHILE ON SEMAGLUTIDE
When taking semaglutide, it is advisable to avoid fatty foods. This is because
fat naturally slows down gastric emptying, and when combined with semaglutide's
impact on digestion, it can lead to food moving too slowly through your
digestive system. This might result in unpleasant and sometimes painful
gastrointestinal problems such as nausea, vomiting, bloating, and upper
abdominal cramping.
Avoid highly processed foods. These often contain refined sugars, unhealthy
fats, and excess salt, which can spike your blood sugar. For those who love
street fast foods, be mindful of high-fat dishes. The key here is moderation –
aim to limit these foods rather than completely cutting them out of your diet.
MASTERING SEMAGLUTIDE: TOP TIPS FOR BEST RESULTS
To maximize the effect of semaglutide in guiding weight loss, you may need to
follow a few tips mentioned below to get your results:
1. Opt for Smaller, Frequent Meals: Semaglutide slows down the digestive
process, so avoiding overeating is a good idea. Instead, break your daily food
intake into smaller, more frequent meals. This can help prevent uncomfortable
gastrointestinal symptoms like bloating and indigestion.
2. Stay Hydrated: Since semaglutide may lead to longer gastric emptying, staying
well-hydrated is important. Adequate hydration is essential for preventing
constipation resulting from dry, hard stools. A general guideline is to aim for
around 30 mL of fluids per kilogram of body weight, although individual
requirements may vary.
3. Allow Time Before Lying Down: To avoid reflux and indigestion, it's advisable
to wait at least three to four hours after eating before lying down. This helps
ensure that your stomach has had enough time to digest your meal.
4. Take semaglutide on an Empty Stomach: Semaglutide is taken as oral
medication, and for it to be effective, you should take it on an empty stomach.
Give the medicine at least 30 minutes to start working before eating, drinking,
or taking other oral medications. Note that this advice doesn't apply to
medications administered through injections.
HEALTHY HABITS TO FOCUS ON
It is important to keep up with other healthy habits even when taking
semaglutide for diabetes management. Along with a balanced diet, these practices
can boost the drug's effectiveness in controlling blood sugar as well as weight
loss:
1. Regular Exercise: Aim for at least 20-30 minutes of moderate or 10 minutes of
intense cardio daily, plus two days of strength training each week.
2. Stress Reduction: Techniques like meditation, deep breathing, and spending
time with friends and family can help manage stress.
3. Quality Sleep: Get 7-9 hours of sleep every night. Stick to a regular
sleeping schedule and avoid heavy meals before bedtime to improve sleep quality.
Final Notes
These tips can help you manage your diet effectively while taking semaglutide
and minimize any potential discomfort or side effects associated with this
medication. Always consult your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian
for personalized guidance on managing your diet with semaglutide. Remember,
everyone's body reacts differently to medications, and what works for one person
might not work for another. Your healthcare team can provide the most accurate
and personalized advice.
"Sweet in spirit, not in sugar - Thrive with diabetes, take control!"
8 Jan 2024
8 minutes
Side Effects Of SemaglutideOPENING NEW DOORS IN DIABETES CARE AND WEIGHT CONTROL: THE SWEET SECRET BEHIND
SEMAGLUTIDE
Certain advancements in the healthcare sector create excitement out of medical
journals and make us realize the innovative world we live in! One such discovery
is semaglutide.
Semaglutide [https://www.mrmed.in/molecule/semaglutide] is a Glucagon-like
peptide receptor agonist [GLP-1] that was initially approved for the treatment
of diabetes mellitus, which later gained a red carpet welcome for its ability as
a potential game changer in weight loss management. In June 2017, the FDA
approved semaglutide in the management of diabetes mellitus; it was not too late
to recognize its other true potential; in 2021, the FDA approved it for the
management of weight loss. It quickly became the talk of the town among obese
individuals and ultimately gained attention worldwide. Let's dive in and get
some insights about this new horizon and, of course, the other side of the coin,
the less spoken side effects this carries.
KNOW THE NUMBERS
As of now, semaglutide is effective in managing diabetes mellitus and obesity.
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus is about 422 million
[https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes#tab=tab_1], responsible for at least
1.5 million direct deaths; as far as obesity is concerned, the prevalence is
about 1 billion,
[https://www.who.int/news/item/04-03-2022-world-obesity-day-2022-accelerating-action-to-stop-obesity#:~:text=More%20than%201%20billion%20people,they%20are%20overweight%20or%20obese.]and
the values are expected to peak as Everest in upcoming years.
WORKING ACTION OF SEMAGLUTIDE
There is a naturally occurring amino acid peptide hormone in the intestinal
cells of the body called glucagon-like peptide. Semaglutide is designed to mimic
the action of this hormone and produce two specific actions.
1. Increased insulin release- In response to elevated blood glucose levels,
semaglutide stimulates the pancreas to produce more insulin and plays a
vital role in reducing blood glucose levels.
2. Cutting down the appetite: Semaglutide delays gastric emptying so that food
stays longer in your stomach and reduces the urge to eat. It also acts in
certain areas of the brain that regulate hunger and fullness. It is also
said to be a silent aid in reducing cravings for sweets and contributes to
reducing appetite.
WHO SHOULD TAKE SEMAGLUTIDE?
As mentioned, semaglutide is prescribed for type 2 diabetes mellitus management,
but poses an upper hand in weight loss management in obese patients and it is
often exploited. Semaglutide is not for everyone. There is are classified
criteria formulated in accordance with Body mass index [BMI] for usage:
* Adults:
1. A BMI of 30 or greater
2. BMI of 27 or greater with at least one underlying health condition such as
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/world-diabetes-day-2022], High
blood pressure
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/hypertension/high-blood-pressure-symptoms],
Hyperlipidemia
* Adolescents: Initial BMI at 95 percent or greater for the age and sex.
EXPLORING THE DARK CAVE: SIDE EFFECTS OF SEMAGLUTIDE
Semaglutide is mainly prescribed with the intention of adjuvant therapy for
weight loss management [https://www.novo-pi.com/wegovy.pdf], along with reduced
calorie intake and increased physical activity. Still, it is frequently
considered and used as a sole treatment approach, making people take a pill and
sit idle for weight loss, causing unwanted side effects.
Gastrointestinal side effects
[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9631444/] are the most frequent
and disturbing ones among semaglutide intake. Some of them include:
1. Nausea and vomiting : It is the most common side effect of people taking
semaglutide. However, this is proportional to the dose you are taking and
progresses as your doctor increases the dose rapidly. This condition improves
over time as your body gets used to the drug.
2. Diarrhea: another common side effect you can experience during semaglutide is
frequent diarrhea. However, it is mild and manageable.
3. Fatigue: Semaglutide reduces hunger, which aids in weight loss. Additionally,
cutting back on calories may make you feel more exhausted. Fatigue should
gradually go as your body adapts to any dietary changes you may make.
4. Gas, bloating, and burping: Another common side effect you may experience is
a feeling of bloating, frequent burps, and gas. If left unnoticed they may
develop as heartburn, acid reflux leading to GERD
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/gastroenterology/heartburn-acidreflux-gerd-difference].
However, they can be settled with oral antacids and avoiding foods that provoke
this cause.
5. Ozempic face: Taking semaglutide for weight loss can, of course, cause the
desired effect, but the thing to note is that significant weight loss can also
cause loss of facial fat. This tends to change the appearance of your face,
causing it to look saggy and shrink, making you look older.
6. Weight rebound effect: Semaglutide is a long-term medication bound to be
taken for longer periods to achieve the desired result; any discontinuation
without your doctor's approval can cause a swirl in the body - rebound weight
gain.
7. Low blood glucose: As mentioned, semaglutide is an antidiabetic drug that
increases insulin secretion to lower blood glucose levels; combining it with
other antidiabetic medications such as insulins and sulfonylureas, further
decreases blood glucose, causing shaking and sweating.
8. Gallbladder diseases: Although not common, semaglutide can also cause
gallstones, cholecystitis, and growth of tissues in the gallbladder.
MYTHS AND FACTS
Myth: You will lose weight by taking a pill without diet and exercise
Fact: No, semaglutide is an adjuvant therapy. Along with a calorie deficit and
proper physical activity, you will lose weight. It is not a magic pill.
Myth: You can stop semaglutide once weight loss is achieved.
Fact: No, with proper consultation with your healthcare provider, it should be
continued even if you achieve results since it may cause rebound weight gain.
Myth: You should take semaglutide only if you have diabetes.
Fact: Semaglutide can also be taken for weight loss management with suitable BMI
values with or without having diabetes.
THE BOTTOM LINE
Semaglutide provides an upper hand in offering various advantages in weight loss
therapy and management of diabetes mellitus; there is a need to watch out for
side effects that accompany it. Although most side effects are manageable,
others will subside after your body gets used to them. Despite these, the craze
among the population for this thought to be a magic pill is skyrocketing. Always
consider a healthcare professional to create a personalized treatment regimen
before starting any therapy by yourself.
Shed weight; Be healthy!
14 Nov 2023
10 mins
World Diabetes Day 2023"Less sugar means more happiness."
World Diabetes Day is annually observed on November 14th. This special day
provides an opportunity to raise awareness among the public about diabetes,
which is recognized as a global public health issue. People need to analyze how
it impacts the future generation. We should take preventive measures to control
diabetes in young and older individuals. In recent days, irrespective of age,
gender, and other factors, most of us are affected by diabetes. On this world
diabetes day, let's discuss diabetes and its impact on the people around us.
HISTORY OF WORLD DIABETES DAY
Every year, November 14 is commemorated as World Diabetes Day, which was
initiated by the International Diabetes Federation along with the World Health
Organization in 1991 to honor the birthday of Sir Frederick Banting, who is one
of the discoverers of insulin. This year, we will celebrate and spread awareness
with the theme of ‘Access to diabetes care’.
LET'S KNOW ABOUT DIABETES AND ITS IMPACT
Diabetes is a severe pancreas disorder, resulting in insufficient insulin
production or the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces.
According to the IDF (International Diabetes Federation),
[https://diabetesatlas.org/]537 million adults (1 in 10) were affected by
diabetes in 2021, and it was expected to rise to about 643 million in 2030 and
783 million in 2045. We need to understand the prevalence of diabetes all over
the world and protect our people from this sugar-coated enemy.
TYPE OF DIABETES
The common types of diabetes that affect most people are given below:
* Type 1 diabetes (juvenile diabetes): Type 1 diabetes is the condition in
which your body's immune system is raised against the insulin-producing cells
in the pancreas.
* Type 2 diabetes: Type 2 diabetes
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/prevention-type-2-diabetes]
results in increased blood sugar levels, and it is known as adult-onset
diabetes.
* Gestational diabetes: Gestational diabetes
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/gestational-diabetes-mellitus]
is caused when a pregnant woman's body can't make sufficient amounts of
insulin.
* Prediabetes: Prediabetes is characterised by an elevated blood glucose level
which is higher than the normal value but not high enough to be diagnosed as
type 2 diabetes.
In general, diabetes can be categorized into two: diabetes mellitus and diabetes
insipidus, which share the common symptoms of increased thirst and urination.
But differences in blood sugar levels.
COMMON SYMPTOMS OF DIABETES
It is often considered a silent killer due to its symptoms, which everyone
cannot identify. The symptoms of diabetes
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/common-side-effects-of-diabetes]
may differ based on the type of diabetes and the patient's body condition. Some
of the common symptoms are
* Frequent urination
* Feeling thirsty
* Sudden weight loss
* Feeling hungry
* Blurry vision
* Feeling numb or tingling hands or feet
* Feel very tired
* Dry skin
* Having sores that heal slowly
* More prone to infections
6 RISK FACTORS OF DIABETES
1. Heart and blood vessel disease: High blood glucose level from diabetes
increases the force of the blood and damages the artery walls and blood
vessels. The most common heart diseases associated with diabetes
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/common-side-effects-of-diabetes]are
angina, coronary artery disease, narrowing of arteries, and high blood
pressure.
2. Nerve damage: Nerve damage or neuropathy is caused by an increase in glucose
content in the blood, which injures the walls of tiny blood vessels or
capillaries that supply the nerve. If this goes unnoticed, it may affect the
digestive system and cause problems like nausea, vomiting, constipation, and
diarrhea.
3. Kidney damage: If blood sugar is not maintained for a prolonged period of
time, it completely blocks the action of kidneys so that it cannot remove
wastes and excess fluid in the body. It leads to complete kidney failure.
4. Diabetic eye disorder: High blood sugar level leads to blurry vision,
cataracts, glaucoma, and retinopathy, and diabetes is the major reason of
blindness in adults ages 20 to 74.
5. Foot damage: Nerve damage causes poor blood flow to the feet and increases
foot complications. It starts with cuts and blisters, and if it is
untreated, it leads to several infections that keep on spreading to the toe,
foot, and entire leg. Advanced stages include surgical removal of affected
areas.
6. Pregnancy complications: High blood glucose levels are dangerous for both
the baby and the mother. Pregnancy complications include miscarriage, birth
defects in developing babies, and difficulty in getting pregnant, which
often occurs when diabetes is not well controlled.
TIPS FOR PREVENTING DIABETES
* Do regular exercise.
* Focus more on weight loss if overweight.
* Follow a healthy diet and include more fruits
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/prevention-type-2-diabetes] in
your diet.
* Quit or limit your smoking habit.
* Identify the underlying cause as early as possible in the pre-diabetic stage.
* Take less refined carbohydrates.
* Consume fiber-rich foods.
BREAK THE MYTH AND KNOW THE FACT: TOP 8 MYTHS AND FACTS ABOUT DIABETES
Myth: Diabetes is contagious
Fact: No, Diabetes is not a contagious disease that can be spread through
saliva, blood, or any other medium. According to research, diabetes is
categorized as a non-communicable disease.
Myth: Diabetes is a disease of old age
Facts: Diabetes occurs most often in middle-aged and older people, but it can
also affect children (juvenile diabetes). So, If you're an older adult, it is
recommended to maintain a healthy diet and proper weight.
Myth: I can stop my medicine if the blood sugar levels come back to normal
Facts: No, You should not stop your diabetic medicine by yourself. Your
healthcare provider will decide when to stop the medicine based on your health
history. So, It is advised to speak with your doctor before deciding on your
health.
Myth: Soaking feet in water helps to reduce the blood sugar level
Fact: No, there is no clinical study related to soaking feet in water, which
results in a drop in blood sugar levels. It is even worse and increases the risk
of foot problems in diabetic individuals.
Myth: Type 2 diabetes is completely curable
Fact: According to studies, type 2 diabetes cannot be cured. However, patients
can return to the non-diabetes glucose range (complete remission) or prediabetes
glucose level (partial remission) if proper medication or diet is followed.
Myth: Diabetic patients are restricted from eating sweets.
Fact: You don't need to cut off the sweets from your diet. However, eating
sweets, chocolate, or sugary food is still possible as long as it is part of a
healthful diet plan. Ensure you follow our recommended dietary guidelines from
your doctor or nutritionist.
Myth: Eating spicy food can reduce the risk of diabetes.
Fact: No evidence proves the consumption of spicy food reduces the risk of
diabetes. Speak with your doctor for a proper dietary plan during the treatment
period of diabetes.
Myth: Doing exercise is not safe for diabetic patients.
Fact: No, Doing regular exercise can reduce the risk of diabetes. Doing simple
exercise or walking is advised to reduce the risk of diabetes.
BOTTOM LINE
Let's mark World Diabetes Day by raising awareness and helping the person with
diabetes to manage it and pre-diabetic to prevent it. On this significant
occasion, let's commit to dispelling myths and spreading awareness among our
loved ones to shield them from the impact of this prevalent health concern.
Together, let's stand against diabetes, aiming to create a world free from its
grasp and ensure the well-being of our dear ones.
"Blood sugar may be sweet, but diabetes we'll defeat."
13 Nov 2023
8 mins
Breaking Stereotypes: Women's Journey with DiabetesDid you know that diabetes impacts women in distinct ways compared to men? It's
a fact! Women dealing with diabetes face a greater risk of heart disease and
other complications when compared to their male counterparts. Living with
diabetes presents its own set of challenges, and for women, the journey can be
even more intricate. From hormonal fluctuations to reproductive health, diabetes
impacts women differently than men. In this blog, we will explore the distinct
aspects of diabetes in females and discuss practical strategies to manage the
condition effectively.
UNDERSTANDING DIABETES
You may be familiar with diabetes
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/common-side-effects-of-diabetes],
a lifelong condition causing elevated blood glucose levels. The pancreas,
responsible for producing insulin, regulates the amount of glucose in your
blood. When there is an irregularity in production, this may result in diabetes.
There are two distinct types: type 1 diabetes
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/type-15-diabetes], where the
pancreas doesn't produce insulin, and type 2 diabetes
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/prevention-type-2-diabetes], where
there's either insufficient insulin or your body's cells don't respond
adequately. If you're pregnant, you might also encounter gestational diabetes
(diabetes in females during pregnancy), which often resolves after giving birth.
EARLY SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF DIABETES
The symptoms of diabetes vary depending on blood sugar levels. Some individuals,
especially those with prediabetes, gestational diabetes (diabetes in females
during pregnancy), or type 2 diabetes, may not experience symptoms. In type 1
diabetes, symptoms typically manifest rapidly and with greater severity.
Common symptoms of both types of diabetes include increased thirst, frequent
urination, unintentional weight loss, the presence of ketones in urine, fatigue,
irritability, blurry vision, slow-healing sores, and susceptibility to
infections like gum, skin, and vaginal infections.
Type 1 diabetes can onset at any age but often starts in childhood or
adolescence. On the other hand, type 2 diabetes, more prevalent in those over
40, is now increasingly diagnosed in children. Noticing these symptoms is
crucial for early detection and effective management of diabetes.
MAPPING DIABETES IN INDIA
According to research by the Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, more
than 1 in 10 women between the ages of 35 – 49 have diabetes
[https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/prevalence-of-diabetes-among-women-high-in-southern-india/article31768117.ece]
in India. A recent study examining diabetes prevalence among middle-aged women
in India has revealed significant findings. Out of the 640 districts studied,
254 exhibit a notably high prevalence of diabetes, surpassing 10%, while 130
districts show a moderately high prevalence ranging from 8.7% to 10.6%. The
study identified the southern and eastern regions of India as having the highest
rates, contrasting with the lower prevalence observed in the central parts of
the country. Factors such as obesity, hypertension, and residing in urban areas
were linked to an increased risk of diabetes in females.
WOMEN'S DIABETES DEMYSTIFIED
1. Heart Health:
Diabetes in females significantly enhances the risk of heart disease, making
them four times more susceptible compared to men
[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22945305/]. Moreover, women tend to experience
worse outcomes after a heart attack. To counter this, women must prioritize
regular blood sugar monitoring, maintain a healthy diet, and engage in regular
physical activity to safeguard their heart health.
2. Ethnic Disparities:
Diabetes doesn't affect all females equally. African American, Hispanic/Latina,
American Indian/Alaska Native, and Asian/Pacific Islander women are more likely
to have diabetes than white women. Understanding and addressing these
disparities is crucial for tailored diabetes management approaches that address
diverse needs.
3. Infections and Diabetes:
Females with diabetes face a higher risk of yeast and urinary tract infections.
Elevated blood sugar levels create a favorable environment for these infections.
Maintaining blood sugar within target ranges, staying hydrated, wearing
breathable fabrics like cotton underwear, and emptying the bladder regularly are
essential practices to prevent them.
4. Menstrual Cycle Challenges:
Hormonal fluctuations in females during the menstrual cycle can affect blood
sugar levels, making them unpredictable. Regular monitoring, keeping track of
patterns, and potential adjustments in insulin dosage are vital to manage
diabetes in females. Leading a healthy lifestyle with proper nutrition, regular
exercise, and sufficient sleep can mitigate these challenges.
5. Sexual Health:
Diabetes in females can impact one's interest in sex and overall sexual health.
Vaginal dryness, discomfort, or pain during intercourse may arise due to nerve
damage, reduced blood flow, medications, or hormonal changes. Open communication
with healthcare providers is crucial to address these issues. Exploring options
like using lubricants and doing tailored exercises can help.
6. Birth Control and Pregnancy:
Planning for pregnancy requires meticulous management of diabetes in females.
High blood sugar during pregnancy can lead to various complications, such as
preeclampsia (high blood pressure during pregnancy), C-section deliveries, and
increased risks for the baby. Women must collaborate with healthcare teams to
optimize blood sugar levels through lifestyle changes and, if necessary,
medications.
7. Gestational Diabetes:
Gestational diabetes, occurring during pregnancy, requires careful management
for a healthy mother and baby. Post-pregnancy, regular testing is essential, as
approximately 50% of females with gestational diabetes
[https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/diabetes/gestational-diabetes-mellitus]
develop type 2 diabetes later on. Participation in diabetes prevention programs
is encouraged to maintain a healthy lifestyle.
8. Menopause and Beyond:
After menopause, hormonal changes can lead to weight gain and unpredictable
blood sugar levels. Managing menopausal symptoms, adjusting diabetes medications
if needed, and adopting heart-healthy choices become crucial. Regular check-ups
and continued adherence to a healthy lifestyle are essential during this phase
for the effective management of diabetes in females.
9. Fertility:
Diabetes in females has the potential to induce infertility by delaying the
onset of menarche (the first occurrence of menstruation) and exacerbating the
situation through the accelerated and premature aging of the ovaries, as
indicated by early menopause. Consequently, diabetes results in a reduction of a
woman's reproductive lifespan.
UNDERSTANDING GESTATIONAL DIABETES: FAQS
Is it possible for me, as a diabetic woman, to get pregnant?
Absolutely, it is possible for you to get pregnant. However, it is crucial to
approach pregnancy planning with careful consideration of the significant risks
and complications associated with uncontrolled diabetes with your healthcare
provider.
What risks are associated with uncontrolled diabetes during pregnancy?
Uncontrolled diabetes in females can lead to higher birth weights in babies and
may necessitate delivery via C-section. The excess sugar passed through the
placenta can impact the baby's health.
When should I start planning for pregnancy if I have diabetes?
It is advisable to start planning 3 to 6 months in advance. This allows time for
essential check-ups, adjustments to your diabetes management plan, and lifestyle
modifications to ensure optimal health before conception.
How does diabetes affect fertility, and what should I be aware of?
Diabetes in females can impact fertility, making it essential to assess and
address any potential concerns. Regular check-ups can identify and manage
factors affecting your ability to conceive.
Why is eye health important in the context of diabetes and pregnancy?
Diabetes can affect eye health, and pregnancy may exacerbate these issues.
Pregnancy is linked with an enhanced risk of development and progression of
diabetic retinopathy (DR). Regular eye check-ups can detect complications early,
ensuring that your vision and overall eye health are optimized for a healthy
pregnancy.
Can dental health affect pregnancy outcomes for diabetic women?
Yes, dental health is crucial for overall well-being during pregnancy in
diabetic females. Poor dental health has been linked to adverse pregnancy
outcomes, especially if diabetic. Regular dental check-ups and maintaining good
oral hygiene practices are recommended.
Is participation in a pre-conception counseling program beneficial for diabetic
women?
Pre-conception counseling programs provide valuable information and support to
optimize your health before pregnancy. They equip you with the knowledge and
tools for a successful and healthy pregnancy journey.
TO SUM UP,
Diabetes in females encompasses a spectrum of challenges, from hormonal
fluctuations to reproductive health and beyond. Women can navigate these
challenges by staying informed, engaging with healthcare providers, and adopting
proactive lifestyle measures. Remember, every woman's diabetes journey is
unique, and a personalized approach to management is key to achieving optimal
health and well-being.
"Sugar in blood, strength in heart — conquer diabetes with resilience."