This page contains brief details about the drug , it's indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.

Background and Date of Approval

Apixaban is an anticoagulant drug that belongs to the category of medicines known as Factor Xa Inhibitors. It was approved on 28 December 2012 to prevent blood clots.

Mechanism of Action of undefined

It is a direct factor Xa inhibitor, which works majorly through the process of alkylation. It enters the cancer cells after getting activated by the liver and inhibits DNA synthesis. This process disrupts the normal cell cycle and DNA function, leading to arrest in cancer cell growth and multiplication. 

Uses of undefined

Apixaban has been developed as a direct oral anticoagulant (DOACs) drug to prevent strokes and blood clots in people with atrial fibrillation, deep vein thrombosis, or pulmonary embolism.

undefined Drug administaration and Dosage available

Your doctor will decide the dose and duration of Apixaban based on the disease condition. Always take this medicine as prescribed by your doctor. The recommended starting oral dose of axitinib is 2.5 mg twice daily. Take the tablet at the same time everyday, with or without food. Do not chew, crush, or break the tablet. Swallow the whole tablet with water. If you forgot to take the tablet, simply take your next dose at the scheduled time. Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten dose.

Warnings, Precautions and Side Effects of undefined

Warnings

This medicine can interact with other anticoagulant medications and it increases the risk of spinal or epidural hematoma (a blood clot that forms in the spinal canal), particularly if patients undergo spinal procedures or receive spinal anaesthesia. Therefore, patients taking this drug should inform their doctor before undergoing any medical procedures, including dental work or surgery, so that appropriate precautions can be taken. Clinicians should also monitor patients frequently for signs and symptoms of neurological impairment, such as numbness or tingling in the arms or legs, weakness, or loss of bowel or bladder control. If these symptoms occur, urgent treatment is necessary to prevent further neurological damage. During the treatment, your doctor may periodically monitor your complete blood counts, prothrombin time, INR, blood sugar, electrolytes, liver panel, and kidney parameters to prevent serious complications.

Precautions

This drug is not recommended during pregnancy as it causes harm to the unborn baby. Tell your healthcare provider before beginning this treatment if you are pregnant or planning to have a baby. It is not known whether this medicine is excreted in human milk, please consult your doctor before breastfeeding. This drug is contraindicated in patients with hepatic disease associated with coagulopathy and clinically relevant bleeding risk, and it is not recommended in patients with severe hepatic impairment. Some formulations of this drug may contain lactose as an inactive ingredient in which the body is unable to digest lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. It can cause symptoms such as bloating, and abdominal pain. If you have lactose intolerance, inform your doctor before starting this therapy.

Side Effects

The common side effects that are likely to occur while you are on the treatment with Apixaban are fainting, low blood pressure, skin rash, hair loss, itching and reduced number of platelets. If you experience any allergic or unusual reactions after taking this medicine, report to your doctor immediately.

Word Of Advice

This tablet increases the chances of bruising, so it is important to be careful when using sharp objects or participating in activities that may result in injury. It is necessary to inform your doctor before undergoing any medical procedures, including dental work or surgery, so that precautions can be taken. Let your doctor know about any other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs, supplements, or herbal remedies. Maintain a consistent intake of foods that are high in fiber, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, this can help to regulate bowel movements and reduce the possibility of constipation, which can increase the risk of bleeding.

Frequently Asked Question

References

  1. Bristol Myers Squibb/Pfizer EEIG; Electronic Medicines Compendium; [Revised:2021] [Accessed on 03/Apr/2023] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.4756.pdf
  2. Highlights of prescribing information; food and drug administration. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2021/211964s000lbl.pdf  [Accessed on 03/Apr/2023] .
  3. Annex I summary of Product Characteristics - European Medicines Agency; Available at: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/eliquis-epar-product-information_en.pdf [Accessed on 03/Apr/2023].
  4. Katherine Victoria Hurst, John Matthew O’Callaghan and Ashok Handa; ; Quick reference guide to Apixaban; Published 2017 [Accessed on 03/Apr/2023] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5513886/#__ffn_sectitle
  5. SL Greig; Apixaban: A review in venous thromboembolism; [Published:2016] [Accessed on 03/Apr/2023] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27653758/
  6. Goodman & Gilman’s, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics,Modulation of Cardiovascular Function, 12th edition, 2011, 867.
  7. Bertram.G.Katzung, Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, Drugs Used to Treat Diseases of the Blood, Inflammation, & Gout, 14th edition, 617

Disclaimer

The drug information on this page is not a substitute for medical advice, it is meant for educational purposes only. For further details consult your doctor about your medical condition to know if you are eligible to receive this treatment.